The law
RBI (Trade Receivables Discounting System) Directions, 2026, RBI/DPSS/2026-27/406, 23 June 2026, under Payment and Settlement Systems Act 2007, Sec 18 read with Sec 11, Income-tax Act 2025 (old Sec 10(2))
Sellers are MSMEs under the MSMED Act; discounted factoring units are without recourse to sellers; insurance premium cannot be charged to sellers; financiers may take government credit guarantee cover; replaces the 2014 guidelines and the 2023 scope circularSource
RBI TReDS Directions 2026, buyer obligation
Once a factoring unit is accepted, the buyer must pay on the due date with no set-off for quality or other reasons; accepted units are enforceable like instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 and Factoring Regulation Act 2011Source
Ministry of MSME notification S.O. 4845(E), 7 November 2024, under MSMED Act Sec 9
Companies with turnover above ₹250 crore and all CPSEs must onboard TReDS (deadline was 31 March 2025)Source
MSMED Act 2006, Sec 15 and 16
TReDS does not change the 45-day payment limit from acceptance; interest for delay still applies and MSEFC remains the remedy if the buyer is outside TReDSSource
MSME classification revised from 1 April 2025 (amending S.O. 2119(E) of 26 June 2020)
Micro: investment up to ₹2.5 crore and turnover up to ₹10 crore; Small: ₹25 crore and ₹100 crore; Medium: ₹125 crore and ₹500 croreSource
Government fee
No government fee. Platform fees are set by each platform: one-time registration fee plus annual fee (RXIL annual fee due by 30 April; M1xchange supplier registration ₹5,000 plus GST and stamp duty). Discount cost is set by financier bids, usually borne by the seller unless the buyer agrees. Sources: https://www.rxil.in/faqs and https://www.m1xchange.com/faqs/