The law
Income-tax Act 1961, Sec 139(4) (now Sec 263(4))
Belated return for AY 2026-27 by 31 December 2026 or before assessment completion, whichever is earlierSource
Income-tax Act 1961, Sec 139(5) (now Sec 263(5)), as substituted by Finance Act 2026 from 1 March 2026
Revised return before the end of the relevant assessment year or before completion of assessment, whichever is earlierSource
Income-tax Act 1961, Sec 234-I (inserted by Finance Act 2026 from 1 March 2026)
Revised return filed after nine months but before twelve months: fee ₹1,000 if total income up to ₹5 lakh, else ₹5,000Source
Income-tax Act 1961, Sec 234F (now Sec 428)
Belated return fee ₹1,000 (income up to ₹5 lakh) or ₹5,000Source
Income-tax Act 1961, Sec 234A (now Sec 423)
Interest of 1% a month or part on unpaid tax from the day after the due dateSource
Income-tax Act 1961, Sec 139(3) (now Sec 263) and loss carry forward conditions
Business, speculation and capital losses of a late return cannot be carried forward; house property loss and unabsorbed depreciation canSource
Income-tax Act 2025, Sec 263(4) and 263(5)
From tax year 2026-27: belated within 9 months and revised within 12 months of the end of the tax yearSource
Government fee
Belated: Sec 428 (old Sec 234F) fee, ₹1,000 if total income does not exceed ₹5,00,000, else ₹5,000 (source: https://www.incometax.gov.in/iec/foportal/help/all-topics/e-filing-services/%20income%20tax%20returns-faq). Revised: no fee up to 31 December 2026; Sec 234-I fee of ₹1,000 or ₹5,000 for revision from 1 January to 31 March 2027 (source: https://incometaxindia.gov.in/Budgets%20and%20Bills/2026/Finance_Bill-2026.pdf, https://calcguru.in/?p=5503).
Late fee or penalty
Sec 423 (old Sec 234A) interest at 1% a month on unpaid tax for a belated return; both fees can apply together where a belated return is later revised after 31 December. After 31 March 2027 no belated or revised return is possible for AY 2026-27; only ITR-U (ITR-COR-02). Source: https://calcguru.in/belated-return-after-due-date/ and https://cleartax.in/s/section-234i-fee-on-revised-return