Answer

GST

Demand order passed after the time limit

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  1. Facts

    Orders have fixed time limits: three years from the annual return due date under Sec 73(10), five years under Sec 74(10), and under Sec 74A for FY 2024-25 onwards, 12 months from the notice, extendable by six months. Covid-period extensions were notified for some early years.

  2. Provisions and law

    • Sec 73(10), CGST Act 2017Order within three years from the annual return due date
    • Sec 74(10), CGST Act 2017Order within five years from the annual return due date
    • Sec 74A, CGST Act 2017Single demand provision for FY 2024-25 onwards, fraud and non-fraud cases
  3. Analysis

    To test limitation, find the annual return due date for that year, including any notified extension, and add the period. If the order is later, limitation is a strong ground. Extensions notified for FY 2017-18 to 2019-20 need care, so check the notifications that applied to that year before arguing.

  4. Conclusion

    1. Find the GSTR-9 due date for the year and any extension
    2. Add three or five years as the section requires
    3. Compare with the order date
    4. Raise limitation as a ground if the order is late

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